Babesiosis

The babesiosis is an infectious disease caused by protozoo (unicellular organism) intraeritrocítico call babesia (that lodges inside the eritrocito or red globule) reason thus the disease is a hemoparasitosis.

The dog much more presents/displays this infection (caused by Babesia gibsoni and Babesia canis) frequently that the cat. A zoonosis is considered emergent since, in the two last decades of this century, in the tempered zones the incidence of human babesiosis has been increased. There is no an own species of babesia of the humans, who become infected with babesias specific of the domestic animals or wild rodents.

The transmission occurs by the puncture of garrapatas, although other vectors like the puncture of fly and secretions of the animals exist, that can transfer blood of a carrier infected to a susceptible animal and be involved in the transmission of these parasites.

The clinical picture varies from sudden pictures (acute) to slight, to even autolimitar itself, reason why the disease usually happens unnoticed and, in many occasions, not even it is diagnosed.

Clinically it is characterized:

* Fever
* Decay
* Anemia (circulating diminution of the hematíes or red globules)
* Ictericia (abnormal yellow coloration of the skin),
* Loss of weight
* Hepatomegalia and esplenomegalia (great liver and bazo)
* Others (respiratory signs, disnea, vomits, diarrea, signs of coagulopatía, pictures of CID, lumbar pain and neurological signs of the SNC such as convulsions and ataxia).

In the acute form, the symptoms above mentioned evolve suddenly towards the death. In the subacute or chronic form, it can be arrived at the cure whenever it is put under the dog to a suitable therapy.

The diagnosis is made by means of a blood analysis that allows to identify to the parasites inside red globules: Sanguineous Frotis (extensions of blood dyed with Giemsa). Also it can be used like average diagnosis serológicos studies.

The treatment of election at the present time is to deal with the specific antiparasitic parasitism with (Dipropionato de Imidocarb and Aceturato de Diminazeno) and a correct therapy support.

As prophylaxis of the disease as much recommends strict control of garrapatas on the dog as in the atmosphere where this it lives and the control of rodents.

Bibliography

Author: MV Adelaida A. Goldman

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