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 Home » Cats » Diseases » Clinical Analysis » |
clinical Analyses and their utility
So that they serve the analyses as laboratory?
Like their own routine medical examinations, the regular tests allow us to control the health of their animal during all their life and it allows to detect any problem early us.
The animal cannot describe its symptoms and say to us what him aqueja, we recommended the hematológicas tests to look for the answers that we needed.
Due to the complexities of the production of blood, and to the function of the blood like support for all the body, there are many diseases that can be presented/displayed, including hemorrágicos upheavals, anemias and known cancers of the blood like leucemias.
The tests of sanguineous biochemical parameters give an idea us of the health of the vital organs of their mascot. The function of the liver and the kidneys are specially important because these organs process and eliminate sustanias of the body
The hematológicas tests inform to us into the state of the blood, that is made up of different types from cells.
The normal values of each determination vary according to the species, race and age. His Veterinarian will explain the intention to him to indicate to him such and once obtained the results of anyone of these examinations of debera blood of answering his doubts on such
What is the blood?
The blood is the liquid that maintains the life and circulates through the following parts of the body:
* The heart.
* The arteries.
* The veins.
* The sanguineous capillaries.
Which is the function of the blood?
The blood takes to the body the following thing:
* Nutrients.
* Electrolytes.
* Hormones.
* Vitamins.
* Antibodies.
* Heat.
* Oxygen.
Which are the components of the blood?
. The components of the blood include:
* Water
The plasma, in that the sanguineous cells are suspended, includes the following thing:
* Red globules (eritrocitos) - they take oxygen of the lungs to the rest of the body and bring carbon dioxide eliminated by the cells to eliminate it the outside.
* White globules (leukocytes) - they help to fight the infections and they attend in the immunological process.
The types of white globules include the following ones:
Lymphocytes.
Monocitos.
Eosinófilos.
Basófilos. Neutrófilos (granulocitos).
* Plaquetas (trombocitos) - they help to control the hemorrhages.
* Fat globules.
* Chemical substances, including the following ones:
Carbon hydrates. (glucose)
Proteins.
Hormones.
Ions (sodium, calcium, etc.)
Enzymes (they are special proteins)
* Gases, including the following ones:
Oxygen.
Carbon dioxide.
Nitrogen.
Where make the sanguineous cells?
The sanguineous cells make in the bony marrow. The bony marrow is located the soft and spongy material in center of the bones that the 95 percent of the sanguineous cells produces approximately.
Which are the functions of the sanguineous cells?
The main function of red globules, or eritrocitos, are to transport oxygen and dioxide of carbon. The hemoglobina (Hgb) is an important protein in red globules that it takes oxygen from the lungs to all the parts of our body.
The main function of white globules, or leukocytes, are to fight the infections. There are several types of white globules and each one has its own paper in the combat against the bacterial, viral infections, by parasitic fungi and. The types of white globules that are more important to help to protect to the body of the infection and strange cells include the following ones:
Common sanguineous and hematológicos examinations biochemical:
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Examination
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Uses
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Albumen (ALB)
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Produced by the liver. The reduced levels of this protein can be indication of a chronic disease of the liver or the kidneys, or of chronic parasitisms that produces diminution of the sanguineous protein levels (ancilostomas, ascaris, trichuris).
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ALT (GPT)
AST (GOT) |
Enzymes whose level rises because of diseases of the liver.
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Alkaline Fosfatasa (ALKP)
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An enzyme produced by the biliary conduit (liver). The elevated levels of this enzyme can be indication of a disease of the liver or the syndrome of Cushing.
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Amylase (AMYL)
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The páncreas produce and secret investigation amylase to help the digestion. The high levels can indicate a pancreática and/or renal disease.
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Nitrogen of the sanguineous urea (BUN)
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The BUN is produced by the liver and excreted by the kidneys. The determination of its level helps to detect abnormalitys in the liver and the kidneys.
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Calcium (Ca2+)
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The elevated levels of this mineral can indicate certain types of tumors, and parasitic diseases, endócrinas and renales (very important for prognoses of renal insufficiency).
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Cholesterol (CHOL)
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The elevated levels of the cholesterol are observed in diverse upheavals, including the hipotiroidismo and diseases of the liver.
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Creatinina (IT CREATES)
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The creatinina is a by-product of the muscular metabolism and is excreted by the kidneys. The high levels can indicate renales diseases or urinary obstruction (it is along with used for criterion of prognosis of renales diseases calcium and phosphorus).
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Sanguineous glucose (GLU)
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The high levels can help to diagnose diabetes and to indicate stress, specially in the cats. The low levels can indicate a disease of the liver or insulinoma (pancreático tumor).
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Phosphorus (PHOS)
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It can be indication of renal disease if its level is elevated. Also it is used for hiperparatiroidismo evaluation.
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Total Bilirrubina (TBIL)
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A component of the bile, the bilirrubina is secretada by the liver towards the intestinal system. The levels of sanguineous bilirrubina turn out useful to diagnose problems in the biliary conduits.
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Electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chloride)
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I balance of these ions is indispensable for the health of its animal. The abnormal levels can put in danger the life. The electrolyte tests are important to evaluate the cardiac vomits, diarrea and symptoms.
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Total protein (TP)
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The TP level can indicate diverse conditions, including the dehydration and diseases of the liver, the kidneys or the gastrointestinal system.
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Complete sanguineous count (its abbreviation in English is CBC), that it includes:
* White globule count (its abbreviation in English is WBC). * Red globule count (its abbreviation in English is RBC). * Count of plaquetas. * Concentration of hemoglobina (HB, oxygen the transporting pigment of red globules). * Sanguineous count differential. |
Aid to diagnose the anemia and other upheavals of the blood and certain cancers of the blood; it is used in addition, to monitorizar the loss of blood and to orient towards types and gravity of certain infections.
The microscopic examination of the cells (it is red or white globules) can provide information on the type of anemia or inflammation, or other abnormalitys. |
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Hematocrito (HCT)
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It provides information on the amount of red globules (eritrocitos) in the blood. This test is used to diagnose of a fast way (she is not so specific).
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Count of plaquetas.
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In order to diagnose and, or to monitorizar the hemorrhage and the upheavals of the coagulation.
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Time of Thrombin and Time of activated partial Protombina
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In order to evaluate the hemorrhages and the upheavals of the coagulation, and to monitorizar the anticoagulating therapies.
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Author: MV Adelaida A. Goldman -
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clinical Analyses and their utility |
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